A journal article by Natasha V. Pilkauskas, Jane Waldfogel, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, "Maternal labor force participation and differences by education in an urban birth cohort study: 1998-2010", was published in the March 2016 edition of Demographic Research.
Abstract
Maternal labor force participation has increased dramatically over the last 40 years, yet surprisingly little is known about longitudinal patterns of maternal labor force participation in the years after a birth, or how these patterns vary by education.We document variation by maternal education in mothers’ labor force participation (timing, intensity, non-standard work, multiple job-holding) over the first nine years after the birth of a child.Labor force participation gradually increases in the years after birth for mothers with high school or less education, whereas for mothers with some college or more, participation increases between ages 1 and 3 and then remains mostly stable thereafter. Mothers with less than high school education have the highest rates of unemployment (actively seeking work), which remain high compared with all other education groups, whose unemployment declines over time. Compared with all other education groups, mothers with some college have the highest rates of labor force participation, but also high rates of part-time employment, non-standard work, and multiple job-holding.
To learn more, read "Maternal labor force participation and differences by education in an urban birth cohort study: 1998-2010." For questions, contactNatasha V. Pilkauskas.